Author name: drchetankalal

W inter is here, and so are the countless health myths that have been passed down through generations. While some beliefs might have a hint of truth, many are outright misconceptions. As a health columnist, let me bust some common winter myths and present the facts to help you stay healthy this season. Myth 1: Drinking alcohol keeps you warm Fact: While alcohol might give you a temporary feeling of warmth, it actually lowers your core body temperature. Alcohol causes blood vessels to dilate, which brings warm blood closer to the surface of the skin, making you feel warmer. However, this leads to rapid heat loss and increases the risk of hypothermia. Instead, drink warm herbal teas or soups to stay cozy. Myth 2: You don’t need sunscreen in winter Fact: UV rays are present year- round, even on cloudy or cold days. In fact, UV exposure can be higher in winter, especially if you’re in snowy areas as snow reflects sunlight. Always use sunscreen with at least SPF 30 to protect your skin. Myth 3: Cold weather causes colds and flu Fact: Cold weather doesn’t directly cause illness. Colds and flu are caused by viruses, not temperature. However, people tend to stay indoors more in winter, increasing close contact and the spread of germs. To stay healthy, practice good hand hygiene and maintain a strong immune system through proper diet and sleep. Myth 4: You need to drink less water in winter Fact: Dehydration is just as likely in winter as in summer. The cold can reduce your thirst response, but your body still needs water to stay hydrated. Keep drinking 8-10 glasses of water daily, and include hydrating foods like soups and fruits in your diet. Myth 5: Eating ghee will make you fat in winter Fact: Ghee, when consumed in moderation, is a healthy source of good fats and energy, especially in winter. It also helps keep your joints lubricated and skin healthy. The key is moderation-1-2 teaspoons a day can be beneficial without leading to weight gain. Myth 6: Exercising outdoors in the cold is dangerous Fact: Exercising in cold weather is safe if you dress appropriately and warm up properly. Layer your clothing, protect extremities like hands and ears, and stay hydrated. Outdoor activities like brisk walking or running can help you beat winter blues and stay fit. Myth 7: Steam inhalation cures a cold instantly Fact: While steam inhalation can relieve congestion temporarily, it does not cure a cold. Overuse can even dry out nasal passages. For better results, combine steam inhalation with hydration and rest. Myth 8: Eating seasonal fruits can cause a cold Fact: Fruits like oranges, guavas, and amla are rich in vitamin C, which boosts immunity and protects against colds. There’s no scientific basis to the claim that eating fruits in winter causes illness. In fact, they are essential for staying healthy.

As we celebrate Doctor’s Day in 2024, it’s an opportune moment to reflect on the invaluable insights and guidance offered by medical experts to enhance our health and well-being. From navigating complex health challenges to embracing preventive care, doctors play a pivotal role in shaping our understanding and approach to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This article brings together expert advice from a diverse range of medical professionals, offering practical tips, strategies, and insights aimed at empowering readers to make informed decisions about their health. Join us as we delve into the expertise that doctors bring to the forefront of our healthcare journey. Dr. Mukesh Shete, M.D, D.N.B (Int. Med), D.N B ( Nephrology), Practicing  as Consultant Nephrologist and Transplant  Physician, Mumbai  The global surge in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension is alarming, significantly contributing to heart and kidney disorders worldwide. In India alone, a quarter of the population battles hypertension, 11.4% grapples with diabetes, and 16.4% faces kidney failure. Annually, approximately 5 million deaths are attributed to heart disease. These trends are largely driven by unhealthy lifestyles characterized by high-salt, high-oil diets—often including harmful trans fats—lack of physical activity, chronic stress, and rising obesity rates. Embracing a healthy lifestyle is crucial, emphasizing low-salt, low-oil diets, avoiding trans fats, staying hydrated to prevent urinary issues, and engaging in 150 minutes of weekly exercise. Incorporating meditation and yoga can effectively alleviate stress, collectively reducing the risk of organ failure. Remember, health is indeed wealth; adopting these practices ensures a happier and healthier life. Dr. Neha Singh, MBBS, MD (Medicine), DM (Nephrology), Consultant Nephrology, Gurgaon On Doctor’s Day, as a nephrology consultant, I advocate for proactive kidney health management to safeguard overall well-being. Kidneys play a pivotal role in filtering waste from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte balance. To maintain optimal kidney function, it is essential to stay hydrated by drinking an adequate amount of water daily. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while limiting sodium, sugar, and processed foods is crucial. Regular exercise promotes cardiovascular health, which indirectly benefits kidney function. Avoiding excessive use of over-the-counter medications, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and consulting a healthcare provider before taking new medications is prudent to prevent kidney damage. Monitoring blood pressure and managing conditions like diabetes can also mitigate kidney disease risk. Early detection through routine check-ups including urine and blood tests is key, as kidney disease often progresses silently. By adopting these preventive measures and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of kidney disease and promote long-term kidney health. Let’s celebrate Doctor’s Day by prioritizing our kidneys and overall health through informed choices and proactive care. Dr. Munindra Kumar, MD (Med), DNB (Nephrology-Sir Ganga Ram Hospital), MRCP-SCE (Nephro), RCP (Glasgow, Edin & UK), CCEBDM (Diabetology), Former Consultant, Manipal Hospital, New Delhi. Columbia Asia Hospital, Gurugram – Medical Director & Co-Founder of Nephrus India (Chain of Dialysis & Kidney Care Centres) As a dedicated nephrologist, I am honored & privileged to care for patients with kidney ailments, blending medical expertise with heartfelt empathy. Being a doctor is a precious gift, allowing me to profoundly impact lives, from diagnosing conditions to guiding treatment. Effective communication is vital & paramount key of this profession. Often truly listening and responding with compassion, I soothe anxieties and offer reassurance to every patient without discrimination. Each day, I am reminded of the sacred trust placed in us and the importance of delivering personalized care. On this Doctor’s Day, I extend my heartfelt wishes to all my colleagues, celebrating our shared commitment to health and healing by touch. Happy Doctor’s Day! Dr. Abhishek K. Shirkande, DNB Nephrology MD Medicine, Gold Medalist, Consultant Nephrologist & Kidney Transplant Physician, S.L. Raheja-Fortis Hospital, K.J. Somaiya Hospital, Holy Family and Holy Spirit Hospital, Mumbai The beauty industry’s evolution in hair treatments has seen a transition away from formalin-based methods to alternatives like glycolic acid for straightening, aiming for silky hair without health risks. However, recent findings from Israel have raised alarms, reporting 26 cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) linked to glycolic acid in hair products over three years, necessitating dialysis in severe cases. Studies in The New England Journal of Medicine have further highlighted the risk of kidney damage due to oxalate crystal formation from glyoxylic acid, impacting kidney function. Early signs like local discomfort after treatment should prompt immediate medical attention, stressing the importance of early detection and intervention to mitigate kidney complications. With the popularity of these treatments, caution is advised, emphasizing adherence to safety protocols and using keratin-based products sparingly as per manufacturer guidelines to minimize potential kidney-related risks. Dr. Neeraj Dhamija, Delhi  As we celebrate Doctor’s Day, it’s essential to reflect on the importance of maintaining good health. I am Dr. Neeraj Dhamija, a Surgical Gastroenterologist at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, and I want to emphasize the significance of gastrointestinal health. Gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer, liver disorders, and inflammatory bowel diseases, can have severe impacts if not detected early. Regular screenings and early detection are crucial in managing these conditions effectively. A balanced diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables, along with staying hydrated and exercising regularly, can significantly improve digestive health. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal diseases. Mental health is equally important; manage stress through mindfulness and ensure adequate sleep. Always seek professional medical advice when needed and never ignore persistent symptoms. Proactive healthcare and timely intervention by specialists can save lives. Let’s pledge to take better care of ourselves and our loved ones. Wishing everyone a healthy and happy Doctor’s Day! Stay healthy, stay informed. Dr. Roopakshi Pathania, MBBS, MD Medicine, DM Neurology, Consultant Neurology VMI, Palampur Dr. Roopakshi Pathania underscores the critical strategies for stroke prevention and treatment, emphasizing lifestyle modifications and clinical management. Dietary excellence, focusing on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while avoiding saturated fats and excessive sodium, coupled with a minimum of 150 minutes of weekly moderate exercise,

HDV is a defective RNA virus that requires the presence of Hepatitis B virus to replicate and cause infection Written by Adithi PH With quotes from Dr Shiran Shetty (gastroenterologist), Dr Chetan Kalal (hepatologist). HDV can only infect individuals who are already infected with HBV, either through simultaneous co-infection or subsequent superinfection. Hepatitis D Virus (HDV), also known as the Hepatitis Delta Virus, is a unique and serious pathogen that leads to the most severe form of viral hepatitis. Unlike other hepatitis viruses, HDV requires co-infection with the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) to replicate and infect, resulting in chain of liver complications beginning with liver inflammation, fibrosis (scarring of the liver), which can further result in cirrhosis (severe scarring) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of liver cancer. A 2020 study published in The Lancet Global Health assessed the global prevalence of Hepatitis D. It involved analysing data from over 120,000 individuals across various geographical regions.  The results showed that HDV affects an estimated 12 million people globally. This shows the need for improved surveillance and prevention strategies for HDV due to the high risk of its progression to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. The study says that globally, among the general population the prevalence of HDV is 0.16 %. However, WHO data, mentions that Hepatitis D virus (HDV) affects globally nearly 5% of people who have a chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Structural differences between HDV and other hepatitis viruses Dr Shiran Shetty, professor, department of gastroenterology and deputy medical superintendent, Kasturba Hospital, Manipal explains that HDV is distinct from other hepatitis viruses like Hepatitis A, B, C, and E, in its structure and infection process. “Unlike other hepatitis viruses that have their protein coats, HDV is a defective virus that cannot replicate independently. HDV cannot replicate on its own and requires the presence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to replicate and cause infection. HBV is a DNA virus that infects the liver,” he said. When it comes to genetic structure, the genome of HDV is a single-stranded circular RNA molecule whereas other hepatitis viruses have different genomic structures. “Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective virus that unlike other hepatitis viruses, does not have its own envelope protein; instead, it utilizes HBV’s envelope proteins for its assembly and secretion,” says Dr Chetan Kalal, Program Director of Liver, Pancreas, and Intestine Transplantation, Nanavati Max Super Specialty Hospital, Mumbai. HDV can only infect individuals who are already infected with HBV, either through simultaneous co-infection or subsequent superinfection. Dr Shetty explains, “co-infections occur when both viruses are acquired at the same time, while superinfection occurs when someone who is already chronically infected with HBV acquires HDV.” In both cases, the severity of liver disease is typically worse than with HBV alone. HDV’s reliance on HBV means it cannot infect or replicate in people who are not infected with HBV. Primary Modes of Transmission In rare cases a person may get infected with HDV even in the absence of HBV infection. Experts explain that the HDV can be transmitted from an HDV infected person to others through means of sexual contact, injection drug use (sharing needles and syringes contaminated with the blood of an HDV-infected person), transmission from mother to child during childbirth, and exposure to contaminated blood or blood products. Dr Kalal adds that people who are already infected with HBV can acquire HDV through exposure to contaminated blood or bodily fluids. Symptoms and disease progression The symptoms of HDV include fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, and joint pain, but experts add that disease progression patterns depend on whether the person is co-infected or superinfected, and the presence of other liver conditions. “HDV can lead to acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer,” says Dr Shetty. In co-infections, acute hepatitis may resolve without significant complications, but in superinfections, there is a higher risk of progression to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. “Chronic HDV infection increases the risk of developing cirrhosis, liver decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to chronic HBV infection alone,” adds Dr Kalal. Managing and treating HDV “HDV’s dependence on HBV makes it challenging to treat and control as the treatment options for HDV infection are limited,” says Dr Shetty. He adds that while currently there are no approved specific antiviral therapies for HDV infection, management strategies focus on controlling HBV replication, preventing liver damage, and managing complications associated with HDV infection. Some of the recommended treatment options and management strategies according to experts are: Interferon-based therapy: Interferons are lab made proteins used in the treatment against HDV. It is the only treatment with proven efficacy against HDV, but response rates vary among individuals. HBV antiviral therapy: Since HDV requires HBV for its replication, treatment of the latter may indirectly suppress the HDV replication by reducing HBV DNA levels. Liver transplantation: This option may be considered for people with end-stage liver disease. However, HDV can recur in the transplanted liver, and outcomes may be less favorable compared to liver transplantation for other indications. Hepatitis delta virus: Precautions to take Dr Shetty explains that preventing HDV transmission involves similar strategies to those used for preventing other bloodborne infections, like safe injection practices, using contraceptive barriers during sexual intercourse, screening blood and blood products for HDV, and promoting HBV vaccination to prevent HBV infection, which can subsequently prevent HDV infection. However, there is no vaccine against HDV. “Screening high-risk populations, such as individuals with HBV infection or injection drug users, for HDV infection is crucial for early detection and management,” adds Dr Kalal. Takeaways Hepatitis Delta Virus relies on the envelope proteins of Hepatitis B virus to replicate and infect. Transmission occurs mainly through direct exposure to blood or bodily fluids containing the virus. The disease can vary from asymptomatic to severe hepatitis, often progressing rapidly to chronic liver disease. Preventive measures such as HBV vaccination, safe injection practices, and high-risk population screening are crucial. There is no vaccine against HDV. Interferon-based therapy, HBV antiviral therapy, and liver transplantation are some treatment options for HDV.

Cirrhosis isn’t just a fancy word for liver troubles— it’s a serious condition caused by years of damage, often from chronic alcohol abuse or hepatitis. If you’re feeling unusually tired, seeing yellow around the edges (hello, jaundice), or dealing with unexplained bloating, your liver might be sending you a distress signal. Get the lowdown on cirrhosis, and find out how to keep your liver happy by controlling your alcohol intake, getting vaccinated, and sticking to a healthy diet. It’s your liver’s turn for a break! #Cirrhosis #LiverDisease #LiverCare #HealthyLiving #LiverHealthAwareness #LiverWellness #PreventCirrhosis #CirrhosisPrevention

Rajkumar Hirani, celebrated Indian Filmmaker & Mr Abhijat Joshi, Indian screenwriter, film director, producer and editor graced the event as chief guests. On the backdrop of World Liver Day, Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital organized a ‘Walk-a-thon,’ to celebrate the remarkable success stories of Liver donors and recipients. The event demonstrated the vitality and normalcy achievable post-liver transplant for both donors and recipients, drawing over 120 healthy donors, recipients and senior members of the community. Mr Rajkumar Hirani, a celebrated Indian Filmmaker and National Film Awardee and Mr Abhijat Joshi, Indian screenwriter, film director, producer and editor graced the event as chief guests. The eminent duo inaugurated the advanced Fibroscan Department of Nanavati Max Hospital alongside Dr Chetan Kalal, Program Director – Hepatology & Transplant Medicine, Dr Anurag Shrimal, Director, Transplant Surgery, Dr Anil Singh, Director – Liver Transplant, Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Dr Vibhor Borkar, Director – Paediatric Hepatology & Gastroenterology & Dr Deepak Patkar, Director – Medical Services. The participants warmed up with a lively Zumba session led by the hospital’s expert physiotherapy team, followed by the official flag off of the Walk-a-thon by the eminent duo; Mr. Rajkumar Hirani and Mr. Abhijat Joshi. Radio personality RJ Sudarshan, from RadioCity 91.1, kept the crowd energized with engaging commentary and health tips throughout the event. Actress Aditi Gautam, known for her roles in ‘Neninthe’ (Telugu) and ‘Sanju,’ (Hindi) graced the donor felicitation ceremony and honored the courageous group of organ donors alongside the doctors of Nanavati Max Institute of Liver, Pancreas and Intestine Transplantation. Speaking on the occasion, Dr Kalal said, “early detection and proactive liver screening are key steps to prevent serious health concerns and ensure long-term wellbeing. We encourage everyone to understand the importance of timely diagnosis and how it can significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment. Let’s prioritize our liver health today for a healthier tomorrow.“